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Everything you Always Wanted to Know About a Drill...But were Afraid to Ask...Part II

Anatomy of a Drill

In last month's article I wrote about the history of the drill. This month we will learn about the anatomy of the electric drill, its parts and how they function.

I'm going to introduce you to the basics of a modern drill, but remember that most drills vary slightly and you should always read the manual that comes with your drill BEFORE trying to operate it. Start with the safety warnings and read on from there.

With the right bit or attachment a drill can bore holes or drive screws in almost any material and perform the tasks of other tools as well. The largest bit shank its chuck accepts determines the size of a drill. The CHUCK is the cylindrical shaped piece at the end of the drill that holds the bit in place. Older drills use a chuck key to release and tighten the chuck jaws that hold the bit. Drills today are keyless which means you can hand tighten or release the chuck jaws holding the bit. This takes the hassle out of changing your bits by not always having to get the chuck key to do this simple task. Besides, keys often get lost.

To install a bit into a keyless chuck drill, grasp and hold the collar of the chuck with one hand while rotating the chuck body with the other hand. Open the chuck jaws to a point where the opening is just slightly larger than the bit you intend to use. Tilt you drill upwards to keep the bit from falling out and place the bit in the chuck as far as it will go. Tighten the chuck jaws around the drill bit by rotating the chuck body in the opposite direction that you used to open it. Do not use a wrench to loosen or tighten the chuck jaws.

Drills are usually equipped with a TORQUE CLUTCH or CLUTCH SETTINGS. Use the lower settings for small screws to avoid stripping, and the higher settings for large screws that you want to sink below the surface. Use the highest setting for drilling.

The speed on most new electric drills today is controlled by a VARIABLE SPEED TRIGGER Switch that allows the user to control the speed and torque by the amount of pressure put on the trigger. Some drills also have a HIGH/LOW Speed Setting Switch. Use the lower speeds for driving screws and the higher speeds for drilling.

Before operating, check to see that the FORWARD/REVERSE Switch is set in the desired direction. The FORWARD/REVERSE Switch allows you to change the rotation of the chuck and bit for drilling or driving. To change direction of the bit rotation, release the trigger, let the drill come to a complete stop and then push the switch to the forward or reverse position as needed.

Now that you have a basic understanding of all the parts of a drill and how they function, you are ready and put your drill to work. Next month we will explore the many different types of drill bits and accessories to choose from, what they are used for and how they can make your drill function like many other tools.

By: Lisa Alexander
Certified Eco Broker